Superheater.



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JAMES P. SNEDDON, OF BARBER'ION, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE STIRLING COMPANY,OF JERSEY CITY, NEWJERSE-Y, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY. i

SPECIFICATION forming' partof Letters TIllateni'. No. 716,299, datedDecember 16, 1902.

n Application led March l1, 1902. Serial No. 97,732. (No model.)

To all'wwm tmc/y concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES P. SNEDDON, a resident of Barberton, in thecounty of Summit and State ofOhio, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Superheaters; and I do hereby decl'are the `follo`vvin'gI to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof.

My invention relates to'superheaters, and more especially tosuperheaters located or projecting into a boiler-furnace; and its objectis to provide such a superheater whereby a maximum but controllabledegree of superheating can be obtained.

To these ends my invention consists, generally stated, in providingaheating-chamber, preferably a boiler-furnace, having a bade Wall orplate projecting into the same and loeatin g one set orcluster ofsuperheater-tubes behind said bathe-Wall and another set or cluster infront of the sameand so connecting the two clusters that the saturatedsteam is first passedj through thecluster of tubes behind thebaffle-wall and then through the cluster of tubes in front of the same,which latter being in the highest zone of heat will give avery highdegree of superheating to the steam.

The invention also comprises a controllable by-pass through thebaffle-wall, whereby the heated gases can be directed when desiredthrough the cluster of superheated tubes behind the baffle-wall.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown my invention applied to aboiler of the Wellknown Stirling type.

In said drawings, Figure l is a transverse section through the boiler,showing my superheater applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan View of' thesame; and Fig. 3 is aview, partly in section, showing the constructionof header and superheater-tubes. j

The boiler illustrated is of the well-known Stirling type,'theparticular boiler shown being the Stirlingfour-drum boiler andcomprising theupper steam and water drums l, 2, and 3, the lowermud-drum 4, and the three banks of water-tubes 5,A 6, and 7, connectingthe muddrum with the steam and Water drums l, 2, and 3,respectively. Thefeed- Water inlet is connected to the drum l, and

` is the baffle plate or wall 16. the chimney is at 17.

the steam-outlet is shown connected to the middle drum 2, although itmay be connected to either of the other steamand water drums. The steamand water drums are connected by the steam-collecting pipes 9 and thedrums 2 ,and 3 by the circulating-pipes l0. The several drums, tubes,and pipes are inclosed by the usual masonry walls 11, yforming aheating-chamber l2. At the front and near the bottom of this chamber isthe grate 13, and

above the same is the ignition-arch M. Just back of the bank of tubes 7is the baffle wall or plate 15, and back of the bank of tubes 6 Theoutlet to The construction so far described is the well-known four-drumStirling boiler, and as `it forms no part of my invention a furtherdetailed description thereof is unnecessary. Suffice it to say that thefeed-water entering the drum l passes down through the bank of tubes 5into the mud-drum 4, and from this,

.inasmuch as the greatest heat is at the front of the furnace-chamber,it passes up through the bank of tubes 7 to the drum 3, the steampassing over to the drum 2 by the pipes 9 and the water passing to thesame drum through the pipes 10 and thence descending through the bank oftubes 6 to the mud-drum, in this way maintaining the Well-knowncirculation of the Stirling boiler. In lieu of the four-drum Stirlingboiler the invention can `be equally as well applied to a three or livedrum Stirling boiler, or, in fact, in any heating-chamber having a balewall or plate projecting into the same. x

The superheater comprises a set of superheater-tubes 18, located behindthe baiement the saturated steam is rst heated in the rearsuperheater-tubes and when at a high degree of heat passes through thefront By this. arrange- IOO superheater-tubes, which are located in azone of very great heat, approximately the hottest point in theboiler-furnace, so that a very high degree of superheating is obtained.Each of these superheaters comprises a header orchamber23, which isprovided with a longitudinal diaphragm 24, dividing said header into twocompartments or passages 25 and 26. One of these compartments-as, forinstance, the compartment 23- has the steam-inlet pipe connectedthereto, while the other compartment-as, for instance, the compartment25-has the steam-outlet pipe connected thereto. In the particular super--heaters illustrated the steam -inlet to the headers is shown at one endthereof and the steam-outlet at the other end thereof. This arrangement,however, is not essential,as the inlet and outlet may both be at thesame end of the header. All of the connecting-pipes will be providedwith suitable cut-off valves, and a by-pass pipe having a suitable valvewill be provided around the superheater, so that in case the latterbecomes disabled the saturated steam can be taken directly from theboiler to the engine. The specific construction of each of thesesuperheaters is substantially that of the well-known Niclausse boilerand is shown in detail in Fig. 3. The top and bottom walls of the headerand the diaphragm or partition therethrough are provided with aliningopenings in which are connected the skeleton frames1 or lanterns,7 asthey are called, 34. To the lower ends of these skeleton frames areattached the upper ends of the outer tubes 36, said tubes having closedbottom ends. Within the skeleton frames 34 are other skeleton frames 37,which extend from the top wall of the header to the diaphragm 24 andwhich have connected to their lower ends the inner circulating-tubes 38.These tubes extend down into the tubes 36 and have their bottom endsopen and in proximity to the closed ends of the outer tubes. Theskeleton frames 34 and 37 are cut away, so that free circulation is hadbetween the compartment 23 and the inner tubes 38 and the compartment 24and the outer tubes 36. In use the steam entering the header passesthrough the compartment 23, through the skeleton frames 34 and 37 intothe circulating-tubes 38, and through the latter to the lower ends ofthe tubes, and thence passes upward through the annular space betweenthe inner and outertubes and through the opening in the skeleton frames34 to the compartment 24, in this way providing a maximumheating-surface and securing a high velocity of the steam through thetubes, thus insuring the maximum heat-transfer to the steam.

The superheaters are shown with theirheaders in a horizontal positionand embedded in the top wall of the furnace-chamber, with thesuperheating-tubes projecting down into the furnace-chamber in thespaces between the banks of water-tubes. This arrangement, however, isnot essential, but it is preferred, as it simplifies the connectionbetween the headers and between the first header and the steam-outletpipe from the boiler. The rear su perheater is shown with two headersplaced side by side with tubes of different lengths connected thereto,while the front superheater'comprises only a single header with verylong tubes connected thereto; but these arrangements are not essential,and it will be understood that the superheaters may be located at anyother point in the particular boiler-furnace shown or in any othersuitable heating-chamber, provided only that one of said superheaters islocated behind a baffle wall or plate, so that it can be protected fromthe hot gases and flames when necessary, and the others are located infront of the same. The position and particular arrangement ofsuperheaters will of course be varied according to the type or design ofboiler to which they are adapted.

The bafiie-wall 16 is provided at its upper end with an opening 40,which is opposite the upper ends of the tubes 36 and which is adapted tobe closed by any suitable valve-such, for instance, as thebutterliy-valve 4l shown or by means of any other well-known type ofvalve. This opening 40, with the valve, forms a controllable by-passwhereby the heated gases coming up from thefurnace can be eitherdirected through the rear superheatertubes or else cutoff therefrom toany desired extent. In this way a variable degree of superheatin g canbe secured in this rear superheater up to the maximum capacity thereof.To the rear of these superheater-tubes is a depending baffle-wall 43,which directs the heated gases so that they must pass down in betweensaid superheater-tubes for their entire length. The opening 40 is solocated that the heated gases strike the tubes near their connectionwith the header and` where the steam in said tubes is at its highesttemperature, thus giving the maximum superheating in these rear tubes.From these tubes the steam passes through the front superheater, whichis located in a zone of very high heat, and as the steam isalreadyraised toa comparatively high temperature it is possible by thisarrangement to secure a very high degree of superheating.

My superheater, as heretofore stated, can be applied to any water-tubeboiler having a baffle-wall projecting into the same, and thesuperheaters will be located one behind the bafiie-wall and the other infront of the latter, and said wall will be provided with thecontrollable by-pass described.

By the terms in front and behind as used in the specification and claimsit is intended to express relative locations only, the word frontmeaning toward the source of heat and the word behind meaning away fromthe source of heat.

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What I claim as my invention, and desire to` secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In a superheater, the combination with a heating-chamber, abattle-wall projecting into said chamber, a controllable by-pass throughsaidbaftle-wall, a set of superheater-tubes behind the baiiie-wall, asecond set of superheater-tubes in frontjof the baiiie-wall, andconnections whereby the steam first passes through the first set ofsuperheater-tubes and then through the second set of superheatertubes.

2. In a superheater, the combination with a heating-chamber, of abaffle-wall projecting into said chamber, a set of superheater-tubesbehind the bafe-wall, a second set of superheater tubes in front of thebaffle-wall, said superheaters comprising a header having twocompartments, tubes connected to said header and proj ectinginto theheating-chamber, said tubes comprising outer tubes communicating withone ofthe header-compartments and inner tubes com municating with theother header-compartment,steam-inlet connections and steam-outletconnections from the other of said compartments, and connections wherebythe steam is caused to first pass through the first set ofsuperheater-tubes and then through the second set of superheater-tubes.

I 3. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the

i combination with a boiler-furnace, of watertubes therein,a baffle-wallprojecting into said chamber, a set of superheater-tubes behind thebafle-Wall, a second set et` superheatertubes in front of thebeide-wall, and steam connections whereby the steam is caused to passfirst through the rst set of superheatertubes and then through thesecond set of superheater-tubes.

4. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the combination with aboiler-furnace, of watertubes therein,a baile-wall projecting into saidfurnace, a controllable by-pass through said baffle-Wall, a set ofsuperheater-tubes behind fle-wall projecting into the furnace-chamber 6obehind the first set of superheatertubes,

steam-inlet connections to the first set of superheater tubes, steamoutlet connections from the second set of superheater-tubes, andconnections between the twosets of superheater-tubes.

6. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the combination with aheating-chamber,I a plurality of elevated steam and water drums and alower mud-drum therein, banks of watertubes connecting the steam andwater' drums with the mud-drum, a baffle-wall projecting into thechamber between the banks of watertubes, a controllable by-pass throughsaid baffle-wall, a set of superheater-tubes behind said baffle-wall, asecond set of superheatertubes iu front of said baffle-wall, steam-inletconnections to the first set of superheatertubes, steam-outletconnections from the second set of superheater-tubes, and steamconnections between said sets of superheatertubes.

7. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the combination with aboiler-furnace, of Watertubes therein,a bathe-wall projecting into saidchamber, a controllable by-pass through said baffle-wall, a superheaterbehind said bafiewall, another su perheater in front of said bafe-wall,each of said superheaters comprising a header having two compartments,outer tubes communicating with one of said headercompartments, innertubes communicating with the other header-compartment, steaminletconnections to one of said compartments,

steam-outlet connections from the other of said compartments, andconnections whereby the steam is caused to first pass through the rearsuperheater and then through the front superheater.

8. In a superheater for steam-boilers, the combination with aheating-chamber, of water-tubes therein, a bafIie-wall projecting intosaid chamber, a superheater behind said baffle-wall, a secondsuperheater in front of said battle-wall, each of said superheaterscomprising inner and outer tubes and headers provided with twocompartments communicating respectively with said inner and outer tubes,steam-inlet connections to one of the headercompartments of the rearsuperheater, steamout-let connections from one of the headercompartmentsof the front superheater, and steam connections between the remainingcompartments of said superheater-headers.

In testimony whereof I, the said JAMES P. SNEDDON, have hereunto set myhand.

JAS. P. SNEDDON.

Witnesses:

E. E. BAKER, J. CLARENCE FRANK.

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